{"id":"ARG-014","name":"Compare like with like","domain":"argument","layer":"paragraph","strength":"hard_constraint","human_logic":"IF compared items differ on an uncontrolled dimension that drives the result, THEN normalize, qualify, or reject the comparison ELSE retain.","when":{"all":[{"path":"comparison.exists","operator":"eq","value":true},{"path":"comparison.confounder_drives_result","operator":"eq","value":true}]},"then":[{"action":"repair","target":"comparison","options":["normalize","qualify","reject"]}],"else":[{"action":"retain","target":"current_text","reason":"No triggering condition is present."}],"unless":[],"because":"A comparison cannot isolate a difference when another major dimension varies with it.","diagnostics":[],"examples":{},"source_ids":["BK-026","WEB-013"],"laka":{"smallest_sufficient_intervention":true,"primary_axes":["scope","depth","magnitude","reversibility"]},"requires_facts":["comparison.exists","comparison.confounder_drives_result"],"tests":[],"sources":[{"id":"BK-026","title":"Technical Communication","creator":"Mike Markel; Stuart A. Selber","domain":"technical_communication","type":"Book","note":"Audience, design, ethics, research, and technical genres.","url":null},{"id":"WEB-013","title":"Advertising Substantiation Policy Statement","creator":"U.S. Federal Trade Commission","domain":"claim_substantiation","type":"Regulatory policy","note":"Objective claims require a reasonable evidentiary basis before dissemination.","url":"https://www.ftc.gov/legal-library/browse/ftc-policy-statement-regarding-advertising-substantiation"}],"defined_in":{"file":"14-argument-nonfiction-rules.json","title":"Argument and Nonfiction Reasoning Rules","slug":"argument-nonfiction-rules"}}