Bow Tie Kreative Writing System
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Rules / punctuation

PUN-019 Context default layer: sentence

Ellipsis marks omission or trailing thought

IF words are omitted from quoted material OR speech deliberately trails off, THEN use an ellipsis according to style; ELSE do not use it as vague decoration.

Why the rule exists

An ellipsis should communicate a specific absence or vocal effect.

Condition

The rule fires when this evaluates true. Paths marked below must be present in the fact base; the engine reports the rest rather than guessing them.

  • ANY
    • quotation.omission eq true
    • dialogue.trailing_off eq true

Facts this rule reads

PathSource
quotation.omission You supply it
dialogue.trailing_off You supply it

Then

  1. insert — target ellipsis

Else

  1. delete — target decorative_ellipsis

LAKA

Smallest sufficient intervention
Yes
Primary axes

Sources

  • The Copyeditor's Handbook — Amy Einsohn; Marilyn Schwartz
    Professional copyediting practice, grammar, and editorial process.
  • Eats, Shoots & Leaves — Lynne Truss
    Punctuation and the effect of marks on meaning.
  • The Chicago Manual of Style — The University of Chicago Press Editorial Staff
    Comprehensive editorial style, grammar, documentation, and publishing.
The raw rule record

Verbatim from 08-punctuation-rules.json. Also available at /v1/rules/PUN-019.

{
  "id": "PUN-019",
  "name": "Ellipsis marks omission or trailing thought",
  "domain": "punctuation",
  "layer": "sentence",
  "strength": "context_default",
  "human_logic": "IF words are omitted from quoted material OR speech deliberately trails off, THEN use an ellipsis according to style; ELSE do not use it as vague decoration.",
  "when": {
    "any": [
      {
        "path": "quotation.omission",
        "operator": "eq",
        "value": true
      },
      {
        "path": "dialogue.trailing_off",
        "operator": "eq",
        "value": true
      }
    ]
  },
  "then": [
    {
      "action": "insert",
      "target": "ellipsis",
      "style_from": "document.style.ellipsis"
    }
  ],
  "else": [
    {
      "action": "delete",
      "target": "decorative_ellipsis"
    }
  ],
  "unless": [],
  "because": "An ellipsis should communicate a specific absence or vocal effect.",
  "diagnostics": [],
  "examples": {},
  "source_ids": [
    "BK-007",
    "BK-009",
    "BK-039"
  ],
  "laka": {
    "smallest_sufficient_intervention": true,
    "primary_axes": [
      "scope",
      "depth",
      "magnitude",
      "reversibility"
    ]
  }
}

Other punctuation rules

  1. PUN-001 Terminate complete sentences IF a prose sentence is complete, THEN end it with a mark matching statement, direct question, or strong exclamation ELSE keep it joined to its governing structure. Hard constraint
  2. PUN-002 No comma splice IF two independent clauses are joined only by a comma, THEN add a coordinator, use a semicolon, or make two sentences ELSE retain. Hard constraint
  3. PUN-003 Comma before coordinating conjunction IF a coordinating conjunction joins two independent clauses, THEN place a comma before it unless the clauses are very short and unambiguous ELSE retain. Context default
  4. PUN-004 Comma after introductory material IF introductory material is long, clausal, or potentially misread, THEN add a comma before the main clause ELSE use the lightest mark that preserves clarity. Context default
  5. PUN-005 Set off nonrestrictive material IF a modifier adds nonessential information rather than identifying the referent, THEN set it off with paired punctuation ELSE do not set it off. Hard constraint
  6. PUN-006 Do not isolate restrictive material IF a modifier identifies which person or thing is meant, THEN remove punctuation that falsely marks it as optional ELSE evaluate as nonrestrictive. Hard constraint
  7. PUN-007 Serial comma follows declared style IF a series contains three or more coordinated items, THEN apply the selected serial-comma policy consistently AND add a comma when omission causes ambiguity ELSE retain. Context default
  8. PUN-008 Semicolon joins related independent clauses IF two independent clauses are closely related AND no coordinator is used, THEN a semicolon is available ELSE choose another boundary. Context default