Bow Tie Kreative Writing System
Run the engine

Rules / technical writing

TEC-009 Hard constraint layer: section

Troubleshooting begins with observable symptom

IF troubleshooting advice begins with an assumed cause, THEN reframe from the user-observable symptom and branch by tests ELSE retain.

Why the rule exists

Users know what they observe, not necessarily what caused it.

Condition

The rule fires when this evaluates true. Paths marked below must be present in the fact base; the engine reports the rest rather than guessing them.

  • ALL
    • section.topic_type eq "troubleshooting"
    • section.entry_point eq "assumed_cause"

Facts this rule reads

PathSource
section.topic_type You supply it
section.entry_point You supply it

Then

  1. restructure — target section

Else

  1. retain — target current_text, No triggering condition is present.

Test cases

TST-016 · [object Object]

Before
Cause: The token expired. Fix it.
After
Symptom: Sign-in returns “token expired.” Generate a new token, retry sign-in, and confirm the account page opens.
Reason
Troubleshooting starts from observation and ends with verification.

LAKA

Smallest sufficient intervention
Yes
Primary axes

Sources

  • DITA 1.3 Technical Content Specification — OASIS link
    Topic-based concept, task, reference, troubleshooting, and reuse architecture.
  • Developing Quality Technical Information — Michelle Carey; Moira Lanyi; Deirdre Longo; et al.
    Quality dimensions for usable technical information.
The raw rule record

Verbatim from 15-technical-writing-rules.json. Also available at /v1/rules/TEC-009.

{
  "id": "TEC-009",
  "name": "Troubleshooting begins with observable symptom",
  "domain": "technical_writing",
  "layer": "section",
  "strength": "hard_constraint",
  "human_logic": "IF troubleshooting advice begins with an assumed cause, THEN reframe from the user-observable symptom and branch by tests ELSE retain.",
  "when": {
    "all": [
      {
        "path": "section.topic_type",
        "operator": "eq",
        "value": "troubleshooting"
      },
      {
        "path": "section.entry_point",
        "operator": "eq",
        "value": "assumed_cause"
      }
    ]
  },
  "then": [
    {
      "action": "restructure",
      "target": "section",
      "pattern": "symptom -> discriminating_check -> cause -> fix -> verification"
    }
  ],
  "else": [
    {
      "action": "retain",
      "target": "current_text",
      "reason": "No triggering condition is present."
    }
  ],
  "unless": [],
  "because": "Users know what they observe, not necessarily what caused it.",
  "diagnostics": [],
  "examples": {},
  "source_ids": [
    "WEB-008",
    "BK-024"
  ],
  "laka": {
    "smallest_sufficient_intervention": true,
    "primary_axes": [
      "scope",
      "depth",
      "magnitude",
      "reversibility"
    ]
  }
}

Other technical writing rules

  1. TEC-001 Choose an information type IF a technical topic is being created, THEN classify it as concept, task, reference, troubleshooting, glossary, or mixed with explicit boundaries ELSE do not draft a generic blob. Hard constraint
  2. TEC-002 Concept answers what and why IF the reader asks what something is or why it matters, THEN use a concept topic with definition, model, relationship, boundary, and example ELSE select another type. Context default
  3. TEC-003 Task answers how to achieve a goal IF the reader wants to achieve an outcome, THEN use a task topic with goal, prerequisites, steps, results, recovery, and verification ELSE select another type. Context default
  4. TEC-004 Reference supports lookup IF the reader needs facts about an entity or interface, THEN use stable repeated fields, valid values, defaults, constraints, examples, and links ELSE select another type. Context default
  5. TEC-005 Prerequisites before steps IF a task requires permissions, state, tools, knowledge, inputs, or safety conditions, THEN list them before step 1 ELSE state that none are required only when useful. Hard constraint
  6. TEC-006 Imperative starts the step IF the reader performs a procedural action, THEN start with a specific imperative verb and name the object ELSE name the actual actor. Context default
  7. TEC-007 Expected result follows uncertain action IF a step’s success is not self-evident, THEN state the observable result immediately after it ELSE retain. Context default
  8. TEC-008 Recovery follows known failure IF a step has a common or consequential failure mode, THEN provide symptom, cause or check, corrective action, and verification ELSE retain. Context default